Known as one of the most promising‑green industrial cleaning technologies of the 21st century, laser cleaning is a non‑contact surface treatment process. High‑energy laser beams irradiate workpiece surfaces. Contaminants such as rust, paint, grease and oxide layers are removed via selective vaporization, ablation, shock waves and thermal‑elastic effects. Requiring no chemicals or abrasives, it replaces conventional processes including sandblasting, chemical cleaning, mechanical grinding and dry‑ice cleaning. Featuring high precision and substrate‑friendly performance, it is widely adopted in manufacturing, mold processing, aerospace, heavy‑industry and new‑energy sectors。